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Youth of Niger: entrepreneurship between struggle and norms renegotiation
Niger’s 10-year focus on youth entre-preneurship has achieved limited results. It needs to be better funded, coordinated and complemented by a more holistic industrial policy and si-gnificant improvem...
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Youth of Niger: schooling and training as useful tools for inclusion
Education and training can help drive escapes from poverty, and education policy needs to understand and deal with each barrier to this goal. Govern-ment and donors need to allocate in-creased budgets...
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Youth of Niger: migration as a double-edged sword for labour inclusion
Migration is a major livelihood strate-gy for young men in Niger, with the potential to aid household escapes from poverty. However, there are obstacles to achieving sustained poverty escapes that nee...
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Uganda: revising the growth model while preserving debt sustainability
After two decades (1990–2010) of strong growth and structural transformation, Uganda’s economy is still confronted with a high level of informality and a concentration of jobs in agricul-ture—a sector...
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The Environmental and Social Complaints Mechanism - 2020 Activity Report
The AFD Environmental and Social (E&S) Complaints Mechanism was set up in spring 2017 to strengthen the Agency’s response to its transparency and accountability requirements. It was part of an ove...
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Is Agroecological Intensification Possible in the Sahel?
Agroecology is a science, a trend of thought, and a set of cultural practices implying the application of the principles of ecology to agriculture to obtain sustainable production in optimized quantit...
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The Commons Working For a New World
The current rate of extraction of planetary resources is no longer sustainable. With this observation, it is our way of inhabiting the world and our economic model that are called into question. St...
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The African Private Sector in the Covid-19 Crisis: Impacts, Responses and Perspectives
In 2020, the Covid-19 crisis plunged Africa into an exceptional economic recession. Lockdown measures to contain the spread of the pandemic, combined with the slowdown in activity in its main trading...
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Empowering Civil Society Organizations : the localisation of AID in Lebanon
The Shabake program mobilizes 9.4 million euros to strengthen the capacities of 13 local CSOs (civil society organizations) in the implementation of their field activities. Co-financed by the Agence F...
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Reforming and Rebuilding Lebanon's Port Sector - Part II
Digitalization is one of key foundational stones for the reconstruction and modernization of the Port of Beirut (PoB) operations, according to a new World Bank note that aims to provide guidance to po...
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Rent-to-buy: What potential does it offer for improving access to affordable housing?
In a context marked by strong urbanization, the development of affordable housing can considerably improve the living conditions of low-income households in the countries of the global South. The stud...
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Toward a reliable assessment of the environmental sustainability of territories
The Environmental Sustainability Gap (ESGAP) is an innovative tool for assessing the condition of a territory's environmental functions and how sustainable they are. Despite the sparse and fragmented...
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The Qixian wetlands and nature-based solutions
The Changyuan River restoration project in Shanxi province, China, relies on nature-based solutions to restore essential ecological heritage and increase the capacity of local ecosystems to adapt to c...
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Lomé recycles its waste, it's clean!
In Lomé, a coastal city with 1.4 million inhabitants and the capital of Togo, AFD has been supporting the modernization of the solid waste treatment system for several years. A new landfill was built...
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Evaluation of AFD’s Evaluation Policy
The objective of this evaluation was to determine whether AFD's evaluation system met the objectives set out in its 2013 evaluation policy and whether evaluations ultimately proved "useful. "The aim w...
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Hard Times for Developing Countries: Africa’s Financing Needs in Question
Semestrial Panoramas are special issues of the MacroDev series written by AFD analysts; They present a synthesis of macronomic et socioeconomic analyses of emerging and developing countries. In additi...
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Lebanon - 2021-2025 Strategy
The compounding crises that Lebanon is experiencing require adopting a new strategy that takes into account issues that need to be urgently tackled in the short term, while also preparing for the futu...
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Gulf of Guinea - 2020-2024 Regional Strategy
The Gulf of Guinea is a demographic and economic heavyweight on the continent. By 2050, the region will account for 25% of the African population at a time when Africa will be home to 50% of the world...
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Incorporating biodiversity into development trajectories
In recent seminal studies for France and the Netherlands, biodiversity has been proven a significant source of financial vulnerability, both in terms of potential physical impacts, dependence to ecosy...
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Evaluation Summary - First Green Credit Line to PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (Persero)
In Indonesia, in the green finance sector, the PT-SMI project (CID1056) was subject to an evaluation in 2020. The objectives of the financing programme were: To strengthen the supply of fi...
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